Yes, Chaturbate itself keeps your ID secure and away from others' eyes. But like the others have said... There is no way to prevent people from discovering that you are a camgirl. Even if you manage to hide your face (which will honestly interfere with your income) - like Gen said, you can still be recognized through other methods. We have seen it many times. It's unfortunate, but it is very, very true.
Since you say that you just turned 18... I am curious if you still live with your parents. If they find out, are they the sort to kick you out? Will they make you quit your job? Do you have a safety net in case the very worse happens? Do you have someplace to go? Are they supporting any of your bills (i.e., schooling, etc.). I have known people who have lost their family completely, which is hard enough when you are an independent adult with your own home and income. But if you are still living with your parents, if they are paying for your bills or schooling, it is definitely worth reconsidering the risk. Especially with things like taxes. Once you make a certain amount of money, they can no longer claim you on their taxes. Do you have a story prepared to tell them? Can you explain where you are getting your money? If you are still a dependent of your parentals, it becomes a much trickier situation, imo.
Are you prepared for the fallout? Because honestly, no matter how careful you are, you can still be discovered. And we live in an internet age where anonymity is becoming harder and harder to maintain. Especially with the advances in technology. Once you put yourself on the internet, your shows will be recorded, your videos will be pirated, and it's there forever. There is no way to take it down again.
We definitely try to encourage people to prepare for the worst and hope for the best, just like Kleo said! Some people have worked in the adult industry for a decade and never been discovered, while others are outed on their very first show. There's no rhyme or reason for it. It's better to just assume that it will happen and have a plan in place. That way, you aren't blind-sided and your world doesn't fall apart if it is discovered.